Which countries were primarily involved in the colonization of the New World?

The correct answer identifies European countries, including Portugal, as primary participants in the colonization of the New World. During the Age of Exploration, which began in the late 15th century, several European nations sought new trading routes and territories. Spain and Portugal were among the first to explore and establish colonies in the Americas.

Spain led significant colonization efforts, particularly in Central and South America, where they established vast empires, notably after Christopher Columbus's voyages. Portugal, while primarily focused on Africa and Asia, also claimed territories in South America, the most famous being Brazil.

Other European nations, such as France, England, and the Netherlands, also became involved later, establishing their own colonies. However, Portugal's early navigational efforts and treaties, such as the Treaty of Tordesillas, resulted in significant claims in the New World and played a crucial role in European colonization efforts.

The incorrect options highlight either nations that were not direct participants in the New World colonization or groups that were less involved in this specific historical context. For instance, China and Japan had limited interaction with the New World during the colonization period, focusing on their internal affairs and regional dominance. Similarly, Russia's colonial endeavors were primarily in Siberia and