Which American political theorist wrote Common Sense, advocating for independence from Britain?

Thomas Paine is the author of "Common Sense," a powerful pamphlet published in 1776 that argued for American independence from British rule. His writing was impactful because it presented the case for independence in clear and persuasive language, appealing to the common people and encouraging them to take a stand against tyranny. By articulating ideas of natural rights and the limitations of monarchy, Paine helped galvanize public support for the Revolutionary cause. His focus on the practical implications of independence, as well as his criticism of British governance, motivated many colonists to reconsider their loyalty to Britain and to support the revolutionary efforts.

The other individuals listed, while significant in American history and political thought, did not write "Common Sense." John Locke's theories on governance and natural rights influenced the American founding fathers' ideas but he did not advocate for independence in the same way. Alexander Hamilton and James Madison were key figures in the framing of the U.S. Constitution and the establishment of the new government but were not involved in the independence movement in the capacity that Paine was during the Revolutionary period.