What was considered one of the most lasting effects on the 20th century stemming from 19th-century imperialism?

The lasting effects of 19th-century imperialism on the 20th century are profoundly evident in the emergence of colonial independence movements. During the 19th century, European powers expanded their empires aggressively, dominating vast territories across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. This colonial grip led to significant social, economic, and political changes in the colonized regions, causing widespread discontent among local populations. By the 20th century, many of these colonized nations began to push back against foreign rule, fueled by a desire for self-determination and national identity.

This wave of independence movements was often inspired by the principles of nationalism and democracy, as well as by the political ideologies that gained traction in Europe and America during this period, including liberalism and socialism. As a result, former colonies sought to shed imperial rule and claim their sovereignty.

The independence movements were significant not only for the countries involved but also for the global balance of power. The decolonization process defined much of the mid-20th century, leading to the establishment of numerous new states and a significant shift in international relations. This transformation set the stage for various cultural and political developments and arguably reshaped global dynamics in decades to come.